Lets get car-4 working again ( May 2024)

 Here is the earlier post about it.

https://www.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/preview/5415560036905179298/8810457589872963960

GPIO PIN            Wire colour 

                                  Car                             Test Rig

6                            White                            Pale yellow

12                          Orange                          White

18                         Red                                Blue

19                        Yellow                            Orange

23                        Green                             Yellow

Now I can swap R-Pis and see if there is a problem with the car one. 

swapped boards, and test rig ran the same, except that after analog left, left LED kept flickering and I couldn't stop it. Another software fault.

Also Red forward LED on at startup. 

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23/8/2024 

HAve rebuilt software using latest RaspIOS and it is different. 

Looking at this to try and figure out how to configure it.

https://bytebeam.io/blog/getting-started-with-mqtt-on-raspberry-pi-using-python/

Problem installing Paho-mqtt. Need to look into it. 

12/10/24 working through this. Got through the update of Setting up Python dependencies and installing MQTT Python Libraries  

NOW! I remember, On boot I have to start the subscriber program.  I'll look in a previous writeup and see if I described the process. 

This goes quickly but gives instructions on how to enable the subscriber. and set the broker to run in the background. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=za-IIZ1xVbA

22/10/24  https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?t=318784  this gives some good advice for simplifying subscriber.

chicken feeder using stepper motor

 Evaluate these programs   19/4/2024

https://www.instructables.com/Automatic-Chicken-Feeder-3/

needs T-cobbler, the DRV8825 and the HX711 

Software needs MySQL

On R-Pi it uses one pin for the steps and one for the direction. I don't understand that because it uses an Archimedes screw to feed the food. 

https://www.backyardchickens.com/articles/a-raspberry-pi-controlled-diy-coop-door-with-python-code.74113/

Simple DC motor with pulley to raise/close heavy plywood door. 

https://www.instructables.com/Automated-Chicken-Coop/

Uses R-Pi B+  MySQL, Ordinary brushed motor. 

https://www.theneverendingprojectslist.com/raspberrypiprojects/automaticpetfeeder/

rotating 6 blade paddle for supplying food. 

https://www.instructables.com/Automaticcoop/

RFID tag to detect chickens, also ultrasonic sensor 

School project.

uln2003 for driving stepper motor

Stepper motor has a pulley for lifting door. 

This one gives good simple explanation of connections that I can use and basic Python program for R-Pi

https://www.electronicwings.com/raspberry-pi/stepper-motor-interfacing-with-raspberry-pi

Getting HW-95 motor driver wired up:

https://popularelectronic.com/Details/HW-95--L298N-STEPPER-MOTOR-DRIVER-MODULE

2 May 2024 It has taken me a while to get the Raspberry Pi set up, because you can't configure the Networking before you put the card into the R-pi.  It was necessary to attach a keyboard and screen and use nmtui to configure the Ethernet and wireless. 

It works and I was able to ssh into it and load the program from Electronicwings above, which caused the motor to vibrate, even if not turn. 

M8 threaded rod = 20 threads/inch, Stepper motor does 8 moves/revolution, Needs to move box 2 inches.   20 x 2 x 8 pulses = 320 pulses. 

Testing 3D cad programs -

 There are a number of 3D design programs available, but which is the best for me? 

I have been using TinkerCad, partly because this is the one suggested by Robert Murray-Smith in his interesting YouTube videos, but my son suggested FreeCad, and Tom Stanton suggests Fusion360 and Onshape.

To evaluate these programs I will attempt to create a chicken feeder consisting of a rectangular tube with a sliding rectangular tube inside it. Both tubes have holes in them to let food into the inner tube and dump it out when the tube has moved. 

For testing I will start with a new install of Kubuntu 22.04 on my quite old computer, and where a browser is required use Firefox. 

Evaluation criteria will be along the lines of: Ease of installation; how to get started; Ease of visualisation and adding/subtracting parts from the design, and exporting the design to a 3D printer. 

TinkerCad:  This is a browser based program, with all the elements on-line. https://www.tinkercad.com/dashboard  No storage is required on the computer.  It is necessary to create a logon, which is simple. To get started on the initial screen there is a ‘+ Create’ button that brings up a clean homeplate with a title label at the top that is a random name that is easily changed. 

To start, drag a block from the side panel of shapes on to the homeplate. There is a panel of basic shapes shown and you can select others from the shapes library. At this point I am inclined to select a shaded out shape that is the remove material shape, make it slightly smaller and put it inside the box to create a tube. Then I can group these two shapes and elongate the box to create a tube. It sounds simple but takes some practice to get positioning of components right. 

Once the shape is complete and all grouped together via the ‘group’ icon, I can export/download it as an .stl, .obj  or .gbl file for preparing for the printer.   Cura then gives me a slightly more realistic view of the object to be printed.

FreeCAD:  Version 0.21.2 downloads as an appimage. This means that it can be run directly once the properties of the appimage have been changed to specify ‘executable’.  It starts up without any need to login again, as you might expect. Despite the fact that there is a cube in the top right to specify the view of your object, it is necessary to Hit the ‘+’ to start a new design, then to change the name in the properties box in the bottom left. Then I have a blank build area.  In the top  selection box there is a label ‘Start’ and this gives you a selection of shapes to start with. I selected ‘part’ and then chose box. On the options bar this then shows a variety of shapes. Some of the technical terms in this program are beyond the simple modeller. I don’t know how I am going to change this box to an empty shell. It is not obvious how to do dimensioning and the help is no help. Users Documentation from the Help menu suggests adding add-ons for dimensioning. It goes to external 3rd party add-ons. 

The design is saved with a .FCStd extension, but can be exported in about 40 formats. 

Fusion 360:   This is a downloaded program for personal use. It seems to want my details more than once. I had to re-enter them to activate the download. [ Spelling mistake on web-page - my bugbear] Then it seemed to have a run-around before I discovered that there is not a linux version.   

Evaluation stops here. 

Onshape:   This is available as a free to non-commercial single user (Me!) and pay for more  features. There are quite a few questions in setting it up, but an important one is setting the dimensions from the default imperial to metric if you need that. 

It is an online tool accessed via the browser. I like that it has a Quickstart Introduction link on the front page. However, I found a youtube video on getting started that was better to get started with my simple design.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMWnsHpDlQE&list=PLxmrkna-ixrIQmsPR3MITi4Ru1bnMH4-l

Now that I have my creation, I need to find out how to export it for my 3D printer.

Summary   

And then I found:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J--QVhGheP4

So I gave up.

The Author:  Peter Merchant is a retired Electronics Engineer and University Lecturer. My engineering career has always been involved with Data Communications. I have programmed in a number of languages in the course of my work, and since retirement. Nowadays I guess I would call myself an Inventor/maker/fixer. I learnt Mechanical Drawing/Draughting in 1972 as part of my Engineering degree. 

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4 April 2024

I have just seen a video  about a new product called Plasticity.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lt29GkADMZ8&t=318s    It seems to have been created by a single guy, and from reading about it he is behind the iron curtain and can't get upgrades on some stuff to improve it. 

Feb 2024- Solar panels have paid for themselves - sort of.

 I have just done my reckoning for the year and  the solar panels after 9 years have paid back the cost  of purchase.  They cost £6000 and at the end of this year have paid back £6150.

Lots of caveats in here though. I figure that if the £6000 had earned 2% it would now be worth over £7000 but of course interest rates have been down and are now up again. I have not adjusted it annually.

I costed in the benefit due to reduced electricity/gas bills compared to the cost of these in 2014. Except for the last two years my bills have been £2-300 lower than 2014. Caveat: consumption may be different. 

Caveat: the last two years the cost of electricity and gas has been much higher and therefore my costs have been greater than 2014, so I have not offset them in my calculations.  It wouldn't have been easy as the rates have fluctuated in the last couple of years.

E-Bike electric systems - my investigation

 So far in looking at ebikes I have come across four types of electric motor systems. I want to know the difference. 

The guy at Pedals cycle shop said that in-frame motors respond to pressure on the pedals to supply power, where as rear-hub systems  go on speed. Is this true?

I am not considering front hub systems like Swytch. I am not interested in them.

I like the concept of the Quella bikes where there is no electrical connection between the wheel and the battery. https://www.quellabicycle.com But they are all single speed bikes. 

Halfords Boardman bikes use the Fazua Evation system. 

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What is Fazua Evation?

The Fazua Evation e-bike drive system features a hidden, integrated motor capable of producing250W of power assistance and 60Nm of torque. This is combined with a removable 250Wh battery, which makes for easy charging without needing a plug where you store your bike. With a range of up to 56 miles* on the “Breeze Mode” setting, long rides are efficiently dealt with.

Using a sophisticated combination of Torque, Speed and Cadence sensors, the Fazua system closely monitors your pedalling and feeds in power smoothly when you need it, stopping instantly when you stop pedalling[1]. You’re always in complete control. There are 3 levels of assistance to choose from using the intuitive handlebar remote control, which also shows battery charge levels.

Weighing in at just 4.6Kg for the whole system, the Fazua Evation system keeps the Boardman HYB-E and ADV-E e-bikes lightweight and practical to live with. The battery and motor can also be removed [2] and replaced with a lightweight cover (sold separately), meaning you can ride your e-bike just like a normal bike with barely any weight penalty and no extra drivetrain resistance if you decide you don’t need any assistance.

Fazua App

By using the FAZUA app which is compatible with all Boardman eBikes, you can get access to all of the below that will assist your journey and will help you learn more about your training and your bike.

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Questions on that. [1]Motor stops when you stop pedalling?

[2] Battery and motor can be removed easily?

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Here is a report that describes the types of motors, but doesn't answer all of my questions and indeed, raises some more:

https://bicycleuniverse.com/best-electric-bike-motors/

So two types of hub motors and no suggestion as to how the use of the motor is controlled. It also suggests that 28mph is the maximum where in the UK ebikes are limited to 15mph.  No date on the article so we don't know how old or relevant it is.   None of the articles mention that hub motors need a means of getting the electricity to the motor from the frame and how susceptible to problems this is. 

One article suggests that hub motors are usually heavier than mid-drives, but I ask if the frame is heavier for a mid-drive.

Lets have a look at a couple of hub motor bikes and see if they tell what sort of motor it is:

GT eGrade Bolt:  MAHLE ebikemotion X35 250W   

https://www.mahle.com/weshapefuturemobility/en/

This motor doesn't use rare earth magnets, but electromagnets. 

Thoughts on Leaves, and God

 It seems that any time I hear of any conflict in the world, it is due to quarrels between different religions. I remember  some lectures that we went to by the Christadelphians, where it was pointed out that in the far distant past in the middle east, two brothers went their separate ways, and one became the Jewish group, and the other became the Muslim group.  There were lots of other tribes in that area too over the centuries, so I don't know how that fits in. 

But each of these religions is man-made, in somebody's idea of how god should be worshipped. God hasn't had any say in this. That's why I can't support any church, because it is just somebody's idea of how things are. 

I look at the leaves on the trees, and think that these are the foundations of life. They generate the Oxygen that we humans require to live, so they give us life. They fall off periodically and are regenerated  the next year, meanwhile providing the life around them with fertilizer to grow.   

I had a lot mor thoughts about this, but it has gone now. 

Sourdough Bread recipe with my modifications and thoughts

The starting point:  https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/sourdough-bread

My adjustments in italics.

Method

Make the Starter

• STEP 1

  First, make your starter. In a large bowl, mix together 100g of the flour with 125ml slightly warm water. Whisk together until smooth and lump-free.

• STEP 2

  Transfer the starter to a large jar (a 1-litre Kilner jar is good) or a plastic container. Leave the jar or container lid ajar for 1 hr or so in a warm place (around 25C is ideal), then seal and set aside for 24 hrs.
• STEP 3

  For the next 6 days, you will need to ‘feed’ the starter. Each day, tip away half of the original starter, add an extra 100g of flour and 125ml slightly warm water, and stir well. Try to do this at the same time every day.
• STEP 4

  After 3-4 days you should start to see bubbles appearing on the surface, and it will smell yeasty and a little acidic. This is a good indicator that the starter is working.
• STEP 5

  On day 7, the starter should be quite bubbly and smell much sweeter. It is now ready to be used in baking.

• Making Bread

• The Starter is now known as the Mother. Take half the mother and add 100g of flour and 100ml of water, mix well and allow to work overnight. This is now known as the Levain. 

• STEP 6

  Tip 500g flour, 225ml warm water, 1 tsp salt, 3 1 tsp sugar and the starter into a bowl, or a mixer fitted with a dough hook. Add 225ml warm water, slowly. Stir with a wooden spoon, or on a slow setting in the machine, until combined – add extra flour if it’s too sticky or a little extra warm water if it’s too dry.

• Forget the mixer, do it by hand. 17/11/23  Only used 1 tsp sugar. Apparently sugar gives you a harder crust. Today's loaf was as large as the last loaf, but with just 1 tsp. And I only used about 200ml of the water.

• STEP 7

  Tip onto a lightly floured surface and knead for 10 mins until soft and elastic – you should be able to stretch it without it tearing. Ignore this: If you‘re using a mixer, turn up the speed a little and mix for 5 mins.
• STEP 8

  Place the dough in a large, [well-oiled - No]  floured bowl and cover. Leave in a warm place to rise for 3 hrs. You may not see much movement, but don’t be disheartened, as sourdough takes much longer to rise than a conventional yeasted bread.
• STEP 9

  Line a medium-sized bowl with a clean tea towel and flour it really well or, if you have a proving basket, you can use this (see tips below). Ignore this.

• Tip the dough back onto your work surface and knead briefly to knock out any air bubbles. Shape the dough into a smooth ball and dust it with flour.

• STEP 10

  Place the dough, seam-side up, in the well-oiled bowl or proving basket, cover loosely and leave at room temperature until roughly doubled in size. The time it takes for your bread to rise will vary depending on the strength of your starter and the temperature in the room, anywhere from 4-8 hrs. The best indicators are your eyes, so don’t worry too much about timings here. You can also prove your bread overnight in the fridge. Remove it in the morning and let it continue rising for another hour or 2 at room temperature. The slower the rise, the deeper the flavour you will achieve.
• STEP 11

  Place a large baking tray in the oven, and heat to 230C/210C fan/gas 8. Fill a small roasting tin with a little water and place this in the bottom of the oven to create steam. Remove the baking tray from the oven, sprinkle with flour, then carefully tip the risen dough onto the tray.
• STEP 12

  Slash the top a few times with a sharp knife, if you like, then bake for 35-40  about 25 mins until golden brown. It will sound hollow when tapped on the bottom. Leave to cool on a wire rack for 20 mins before serving.

Looking after Mother

Keep Mother in a slightly warm place. every other day pour off half and add about 100g of flour and 100ml of water, stir slightly and put away again. 

You can always use the 'discard' to make more bread!

Comments

I think that I have cracked it. In step 6, do not add all of the water at once. Mix up the flour/sugar/salt with the levain, and then add water until the mixture starts to stick together. While kneading it, add just enough water to make a ball that you can knead. Too much and it will be a runny mix later when you pour it into the baking pan and come out flat. 

22/11/23  A suggestion to keep it warm while rising was to put it in a slow cooker. I did this, occasionally turning it on to low for 5 minutes to warm it up, but I noticed that the temperature got too high. I think it over did it and when I poured it on to the baking tin it looked OK'ish but fell flat as it started cooking. 

Links:

https://thedoughacademy.com/7-reasons-your-sourdough-bread-is-collapsing-how-to-fix/

https://www.busbysbakery.com/sourdough-bread-not-rising/

https://www.mydailysourdoughbread.com/sourdough-not-rising/

https://bakesmartly.com/common-reasons-why-your-bread-isnt-rising/

Questions: 

Why do some recipes want you to add sugar/honey and others don't?   Sugar doesn't do anything for the yeast but helps to get a hard crust. 

Why do some recipes go straight from the mother and not use a levain?

28/11/23 Today I used the suggestion 11 from the last reference above and added the water to the flour to 'autolyse' before adding the starter and salt and sugar.  I also didn't knead it much but just folded it over a few times. When it went in the oven it spread out as it it was soggy, but it did rise a good bit.  I shall have to consider how to adjust this.

7/12/23 Have started a loaf  the same way that I did the last one. Totally different from the initial steps  from the BBC recipe. Started Thursday evening about 7PM.

Measured 500g flour into a large bowl (100g Wholewheat, 400g white) and added 1tsp salt. 

Poured half the Mother into another large bowl. Warmed 225ml of water. 

Mixed up the flour and salt with my hands and added it slowly to the bowl with the starter, mixing with my hand. Added a bit of water. 

Put the solid mass on the table and started kneading and folding it, adding more of the flour from the bowl to it, and occasionally dripping some water on to it. Kept doing this until all the loose flour was part of the mass. 

I added a little bit more water and it started to get soggy so I kneaded it a bit more then put it into a bowl, covered it and put it into the airing cupboard overnight. I had about 50ml of water left. 

In the morning I kneaded and folded it a bit more, only about a minute, and then put it in a buttered corningware bowl to rise during the day. I then cooked it in this corning ware bowl, and this is the result. 

Unfortunately it did stick a bit to the bottom of the bowl. But I am pleased overall. 

27 Dec 2023. A good loaf. 200g Wholewheat/300g White.

Last night about 6, I split the mother, and refreshed both parts with 100g flour, 100ml water, and put the one that I was going to use in the airing cupboard for about 3 hours. Then I added the ingredients and kneaded it , and as I worked it I kept adding dribbles of water, and finally when I put it to rise overnight it was slightly moist around the outside. Funny enough this way I had less stuck to my fingers than usual.  About 11 in the morning I folded it a few more times then put it in the oiled square corningware back in the airing cupboard. It rose well, but deflated when I scored it, and cooked it about 5 o'clock. 

8 January 2024 A good loaf. Photo compares it to a breadmaker wholemeal loaf, which is taller but not so large around. This has been a 36 hour process. I split the mother Saturday evening as described above. Sunday Morning I made the loaf with 400g of mixed White and Wholemeal bread flour, and allowed it to rise in the airing cupboard. Sunday evening I reworked it, put it in the corning ware dish, warmed up the oven for a couple of minutes, and then left the bread in the oven overnight. Cooked it (gas 6 - 25 minutes) Monday morning and this is the result on the left.